bouring Asian countries, and through large-scale immigration from non-English-speaking nation

Total expenditure on health (including private sector spending) is around 9.8% of GDP.[287] Australia introduced universal health care in 1975.[288] Known as Medicare, it is now nominally funded by an income tax surcharge known as the Medicare levy, currently set at 1.5%.[289] The states manage hospitals and attached outpatient services, while the Commonwealth funds the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (subsidising the costs of medicines) and general practice.[288]
Culture
Main article: Culture of Australia
Ornate white building with an elevated dome in the middle, fronted by a golden fountain and orange flowers
The Royal Exhibition Building in Melbourne was the first building in Australia to be listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2004.[290]

Since 1788, the basis of Australian culture has been strongly influenced by Anglo-Celtic Western culture.[291][292] Distinctive cultural features have also arisen from Australia's natural environment and Indigenous cultures.[293][294] Since the mid-20th century, American popular culture has strongly influenced Australia, particularly through television and cinema.[295] Other cultural influences come from neighbouring Asian countries, and through large-scale immigration from non-English-speaking nations.[295][296]
Arts
Main articles: Australian art, Theatre of Australia, and Dance in Australia
A painting of a horse-drawn coach, by a steep, tree-covered hillside. A felled tree lies across its path. Several armed men are in the process of robbing the passengers and looting the rear trunk.
Bailed up by Tom Roberts depicts the robbing of a coach from the gold fields by bushrangers.

Australian visual arts are thought to have begun with the cave paintings, rock engravings and body painting of its Indigenous peoples. The traditions of Indigenous Australians are largely transmitted orally, through ceremony and the telling of Dreamtime stories.[297] From the time of European settlement, a theme in Australian art has been the natural landscape,[293] seen for example in the works of Albert Namatjira,[298] Arthur Streeton and others associated with the Heidelberg School,[293] and Arthur Boyd.[299]